Which piece in chess guards the diagonal? How to draw a chessboard and its pieces

Each beginner's ability to master the game of chess manifests itself differently, much depends on the mindset, efforts, and desires, but the first steps are the same for all beginning chess players. The first step is to learn the rules for placing pieces in front of the game, then important point is the study of the principles of how chess pieces move around the board. They are necessary for everyone who wants to start mastering chess. The rules for moving pieces have not changed throughout the long history of the game and are used in all countries.

King's capabilities

Despite the fact that the king is the main piece, without which the game cannot continue, the capabilities of this piece are extremely limited. The entire chess army is obliged to reliably protect it from enemy attacks.

IN initial arrangement the king is located in the center on horizontal 1 if it is white chess, or on strip 8 for black pieces. He stands on a square of a different color. That is, the black king is on a white square, the white one is on a black one. The figure has no restrictions in the direction of movement. She can move during the game:

• forward or backward,
• left or right,
• along all diagonals.

But the length of the king's move is small, only a square. The king has the opportunity to “kill” the opponent, provided that he is on an adjacent square. He should not be in the zone of action of someone else's piece. If the king does not have the opportunity to escape or take cover, the position is called “checkmate” and a defeat is counted.

Moving the queen

Sometimes this figure is called the queen, which is quite consistent with its unlimited capabilities. It is not for nothing that the queen is equal in importance to 9 pawns; it has an excellent opportunity to move freely across the entire board if there are no obstacles. Like the king, the queen has the privilege of moving in all directions. Moreover, the figure is capable of moving to any number of fields, regardless of their color. This is the most powerful, mobile participant in the battle; this figure can only be sacrificed as a last resort. It is very difficult to win a game without a queen.

Rules for movement of elephants

Another name for the figure is “officer”. This piece, indeed, as an efficient warrior, can perform difficult tasks and defeat the enemy on the other side of the board. There are several rules for elephants:

• Each player has 2 bishops at the beginning of the game;
• pieces move only along fields of their own color, on which they are placed before the game;
• the bishop moves in chess only along diagonals for any number of squares;
• he doesn't jump over pieces.

If there are enemy pieces on the diagonal directions accessible to a given officer, he can “eat” them. To do this, the “killed enemy” is removed and an elephant is installed in its place. According to the value scale, 1 officer replaces three pawns.

Movement of the knight on the board

The chess knight has the most complex trajectory; this piece moves along a path in the shape of the letter “L”. In order to rearrange it, you need to count three cells horizontally or vertically and one cell to the right or left. The color of the squares for the knight does not matter; in total, a figure standing three squares from the edge or further has eight options for movement. They are chosen depending on the situation on the board. The advantage of the knight is its ability to jump over any piece; their presence is not an obstacle for the knight. If there is an enemy unit at the end of its trajectory, it is removed and considered “eaten” (cut down).

Rook movement

Some amateur chess players call this piece a tour. Players also try to preserve it and not sacrifice a piece unless absolutely necessary. The value of a rook lies in its free movement. It is limited to straight lines. But:

• The color of the fields does not matter;
• you can move forward and backward, left and right;
• the number of cells in one move is not limited;
• It is possible to use castling.

Tura does not jump over pieces; if there is an enemy unit in the way, you can “cut it down”, place the rook on this square, and remove the knocked down piece.

In some cases, castling can save the king from checkmate and improve the situation. Only the king of the tour can participate in it along with the king. Such an operation can only be carried out if both participants have not yet made a single move in the game. When castling, the king is moved two squares towards the rook, and it is placed next to him on the other side. The simultaneous rearrangement of two pieces in chess is allowed only in castling.

Rules for pawn moves

Before the game, eight pawns are placed in a row on the second rank in front of the major pieces. For white chess this is lane number 2, for black chess it is number 7. These figures are considered insignificant, are soldiers of the army who perform minor tasks, often being sacrificed for more important goals. However, their role should not be belittled; in some cases, pawns can turn the tide of the game.

The rules for moving pawns are simple; they move only one square forward. The pawn cuts the enemy only diagonally; it cannot “eat” the piece standing in front. There is one more exception. On the first move from the initially lined up row, a pawn can be moved forward two squares at once.

All chess pieces perform two important tasks. They provide protection to the king, preventing stalemate and checkmate, and try to knock down as many opponents as possible.

The pawn has one more important goal - it needs to reach the opposite edge of the board. This is extremely difficult to do, since there are many chances of being “eaten” along the way. In addition, this piece is often sacrificed to protect more important units. However, if such a task can be completed, a miraculous transformation occurs with the pawn; it can become any other piece the player needs at the moment. In most cases, she will successfully transform into a powerful queen. But this is not necessary; the player can choose a knight, tura or bishop if he needs these pieces to win.

Good day, dear friend!

As a child, the author of these lines was first taught to play checkers. When the fateful acquaintance with chess took place, your humble servant was slightly confused. Unlike checkers, in this game the pieces move in different ways. The question immediately arose: how do chess pieces move?

I’ll say right away that the phrase “in pictures” in the title means exactly chess diagrams .

Comparison of figures with horses, elephants, knights, loopholes, etc. in my opinion, somewhat artificial. And it only takes the child away from the world of chess somewhere into another area.

At least, I personally did not have such analogies even in childhood.

And according to this, as they say, “to the barrier.” Let's figure out how the pieces move on the board, and not anywhere else. First things first.

Queen

Let's start with the strongest figure. can walk in all directions: diagonally and in a straight line (up, down and to the side). Moreover, at any distance.

Jumping over other pieces is not allowed (only the knight can do this).

The queen can capture any opponent's piece standing in the way. The diagram shows a horse. But the bishop from its own camp prevents the queen from moving.

Simply put, the way the queen moves combines the capabilities of the rook and bishop.

King

Now comes the most unique figure - the king. Main feature- You cannot beat the king, this is not provided for by the rules.

Similar to queen moves. The difference is that the king can only move one square, while the queen can move any number.

Moves can be made in all possible directions - forward, backward, diagonally and sideways.

The king uses the same technique to beat the opponent’s pieces. Or, as inexperienced players sometimes say, “eats” or “cuts.”

Rook

Along with the queen, it is considered a “heavy” piece. The direction of movement is straight. Up, down or to the sides.

The distance is any, if the trajectory is not blocked by other figures. The rook cannot jump over them.

That is, in comparison with the queen, the rook cannot move diagonally.

The relative “weight” (value) of a rook is 5 pawns. For comparison, a knight or bishop is equivalent to three pawns. Queen - nine.

That is, as a rule, the rook is stronger than a minor piece (knight or bishop), but slightly weaker than the knight + bishop pair. And two rooks are slightly stronger than the queen.

Horse

Which chess piece moves like an L? That's right, of course. And only the horse.

In the diagram, the squares that a knight in the center of the board can “jump” to are colored green.

Another important ability of the knight is that it can jump over pieces, including opponent’s pieces:

The white knight has the opportunity to take the black bishop, despite the obstacles in the form of pawns. The horse, like an inveterate hurdler, jumps over them.

Elephant

The bishop, like the knight, is considered a minor piece. The direction of movement is exclusively diagonal. Any distance.

Just like other pieces (with the exception of the knight), the bishop can only move along the free space of the board. He can beat someone else’s piece that he meets on the way, but his own simply impedes the movement of the bishop:

In the position on the diagram, the bishop has only 2 moves - to squares e5 and f6, simultaneously capturing the black rook

Pawn

Despite its unpretentiousness in terms of the value (strength) of the figure, it surpasses other figures in the variety of its capabilities.

Main features of the pawn: Moves only forward, attacks diagonally, can transform into other pieces and capture other pawns “on the pass”. First things first

Initial move

Pawn in starting position can move one or two fields forward.

The general rule for promoting a pawn can be formulated as follows:

If a pawn bumps into another piece on its way, it cannot continue moving.

If the pawn were a queen or a rook, they could capture the enemy piece, but the pawn is not allowed such a “delicacy”. It will rest against another piece until the path is clear. Or it will not get the opportunity to capture.

Take

The trajectory of a pawn capture is diagonally one square and exclusively forward. The pawn cannot move back and cannot not capture.

For example: 1. f3: g4 or 1... e5:d4

The pawn on square b5 cannot move vertically, but it can capture the knight. 1. b5:a6

There is an exception to this rule: taking on the pass. Sometimes called - through a broken field.

Taking over a broken field (on the pass)

The rule looks like this:

In a situation where a pawn, located in its original position, that is, on the 2nd or 7th rank, makes a move to 2 squares and jumps through a field (cell) that is under the attack of an enemy pawn, it can be captured by this very pawn.

1.с2-с4 b4:с3 or 1...f7-f5 2. g5:f6

You can only take a pawn across a broken square. The pawn is not allowed to capture another piece.

The opportunity to capture on the pass is provided only for 1 turn. In other words, as a response move to the opponent’s pawn move.

Transformation

Another unique ability of the pawn is the ability to transform into another piece.

This is any pawn's finest hour! The crowning achievement of a career, so to speak.

Transformation rule:

When a pawn reaches the last, eighth rank (black - respectively the first), it must transform into any piece of the same color, with the exception of the king.

In practice, it looks like this: A pawn is placed on a promotion square, removed from the board, and another piece is placed on this square. Which one it is, the chess player himself decides.

As a rule, a pawn is promoted to a queen, of course. This way, several queens can appear on the board. Two queens of the same color often appear on the board.

It happens that the transformation occurs simultaneously with the taking. One does not interfere with the other:

The pawn captures the opponent's piece and at the same time transforms into another piece of its own. This results in a double effect: 1.d7:с8Ф

In conclusion, let me remind you that the rules for moving pieces are only one section of the rules chess game. Agree, the goal of the game is not to “walk.” It's about winning.

Therefore, I urge you, dear friend, to study other articles on the rules of the game on our blog.

Step by step, and you will plunge into the world of one of the most exciting and useful games invented by mankind. If not herself.

Thank you for your interest in the article.

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Artyom's secret dream is to walk. Unfortunately, the Oblaka charity foundation cannot fulfill this New Year's wish of a boy diagnosed with cerebral palsy. But giving him the opportunity to do what he loves is quite possible. Now Artyom’s whole life is in chess.

The Clouds Charitable Foundation is announcing a fundraiser for the purchase of an electronic chessboard so that 15-year-old Artem, like many children, will also have a New Year's surprise under the Christmas tree.

The collection amount is 37,900 rubles. To date, thanks to responsive and caring people, we have managed to collect 28 thousand in a fairly short period of time. Only 9,900 rubles left.

When you see Artyom’s smile for the first time, it is absolutely impossible not to fall in love with it. His kind and radiant eyes simply attract you. You look at the boy and feel incredible warmth, you literally physically feel the purity of his heart. Artem is an unusual teenager. He is only 15 years old and confined to a wheelchair. According to doctors, forever.

Sometimes fate determines for us a path on this earth that we cannot change. But how to explain this to a future man who so wants to walk, run, and live a full, rich life? Like an ordinary person...

Artem stopped by “Oblaka” on his way to therapeutic gymnastics. It was not possible to park the car on the side of the street where the fund’s office is located. Artem cannot walk on his own, and it was impossible to force him to get out of the car across the slippery road. Moving in such conditions is difficult, even scary to some extent. And so it happened that the employees of the charity foundation met the wonderful Artem, who had already won 7 medals in three years of participating in various chess tournaments, right in the car.

To the question: “What is your most cherished dream?” Artyom answered so confidently, as if if you woke him up in the middle of the night, he would say the same thing without hesitation: “Only one thing - to walk.”

Artem believes that if he continues to do strength exercises at the Patriot club, his back will become stronger, his fingers will become obedient, and he will be able not only to play chess more calmly, but also to write letters, essays and type texts on the keyboard.

When Artem was 9 years old, his grandmother Galina Mikhailovna sat down on the edge of his bed and placed the chess board on his lap. “Now you and I will play chess,” she said in a peremptory tone, and in just a few months Artyom not only learned to play chess, but also began to beat his grandmother.

Artyom remembers this day very clearly, when his hands first tried to grab a chess piece. How much effort he had to make to tame the spasticity of his hands and skillfully move the pieces on the chessboard.

While Artem told the foundation about his passion and dreams, his mother recalled the moment of Artem’s birth and what happened after. Artem was not born easily. The birth was very difficult, and for the first 6 hours Artem could not breathe on his own. In these very first and important six hours of his life in our world, the worst thing happened to him - a cerebral hemorrhage, which confined him to bed and made him a hostage in a stroller.

Natasha and Vyacheslav (Artem's parents - editor's note) decided not to give up. They fought for his life and for his intellect from the very first days. There were no opportunities for expensive treatment, but the father took on the most complex construction projects for finishing and grabbed any job to pay for his son’s treatment.

And now Vyacheslav disappears for days at work so that Artem has the opportunity to attend additional sections, circles and clubs. Artyom's day is scheduled minute by minute, and this does not allow him to lose heart. All these activities, meeting people, studying at school and constantly traveling to tournaments seem to help him feel that he is the same as all his peers.

Artem has almost everything that a teenager with cerebral palsy could dream of in life: a loving mother and father, two little brothers and his own house, which was built by his father’s hands. Only sometimes there is not enough money for simple things. Because his father is trying to give everything for Artem so that his rehabilitation is not interrupted for a single day. His parents also believe that Artem will be able to walk. Some day.

In the meantime, with your support, the Clouds Foundation can make Artem's secret wish come true. He wished for it after his first time at the chess club " White Rook"I saw real electronic chess. Previously, he had only read about them and seen them on TV. But now he had a chance to touch them and play them.

Electronic chess is not just a tablet with arranging pieces. This is a DGT electronic chessboard with pieces. With its help, you can broadcast to the Internet in real time all the moves made on the board, as well as the readings of the chess clock (supports the DGT 3000 chess clock). You can connect additional boards to the board (up to 12 pieces). All games played on all boards can be broadcast online. Parts are automatically saved and can then be exported to PGN format. It is possible to analyze every move made. These are the boards that are used in all chess tournaments, including the World Chess Championship. All the outstanding chess players of our time, such as Carlsen, Karjakin, Anand, Kramnik, Topalov, Aronian, Morozevich, Gelfand, Svidler, Ivanchuk, played on exactly the same board.

It is simply vital for Artem for the simple reason that you can play on this board from a prone position. When Artem plays regular chess, after 30 minutes of a tense sitting position, Artem’s back muscles cramp. And it’s very difficult for a boy to keep his back straight. When Artem’s mother and his aunt, when contacting the foundation, said that this is not the most important thing in life and they understand this, and it is unlikely that “Oblaka” will undertake to help them, the employees of the charity foundation could not stand aside.

How difficult it is to compare two completely different destinies in our world at the same time. Here is a baby who is healthy, and he can walk, run and talk, play, misbehave and draw. But he doesn’t have his own home, doesn’t have a father, and doesn’t have a full breakfast.

And here is a teenager, Artem, who cannot walk or run and whose friends do not have healthy teenagers, but only special children just like him. He found meaning in life - chess, and became a real champion in his category. He has happy family, even if it is simple, ordinary, but they are always next to him. And he dreams of chess.

Comparison is excruciatingly painful and difficult. After all, the wishes of these two completely different children are equivalent for the fund.

And the foundation decided to help Artem and become his friends. After all, he will have real tournaments ahead. And the “Oblakov” team really wants to take part and develop his talent. Help the boy become a real champion.

The magic of the New Year is unique, which means that today, by making every effort and uniting, caring people will be able to collect the necessary balance of funds to buy real electronic chess for Artem.

The DGT electronic chessboard with pieces costs 37,900 rubles, and it must be ordered from Moscow. The Clouds Foundation covers the transportation costs and invites everyone who believes in New Year's miracles and believes in brave Artem to make a donation and help make the wish of the amazing teenager of the city of Barnaul come true.

Details for translation with the message: “To Artem the champion!”

• donation via the website: www.fondoblaka.com/pozhertvovat
• through Sberbank-online No. 4276020427762163, registered to Jamila Alibulatovna S. (director of the fund);
• by phone number linked to your Sberbank card: +79609612442, Semenenko D.A.;
• send an SMS to the short number 3434 with the code word Cloud 300 (the amount after the space can be from 50 rubles).
• For each donation method, it is important to include the name of the family you choose to help. Here is the message: “To Artem the champion!”

  If you decide to learn how to play chess, the first thing you should do is understand the name chess pieces. This will significantly speed up and simplify the process of further learning. The game of chess is one of the oldest, it has been around for many centuries. Its development was continuous: at first people played with grains, then with clay balls, and only by the Middle Ages the figures that are familiar to us appeared on the board.

  Today, when playing chess, each player uses six types of pieces. They differ in color: one has white figures, and the second has black ones. In this case, the “army” of both one and the other player consists of 16 figures. We will look at them in more detail a little further. Each piece has its own place on the board and a specific trajectory, method or methods of movement during the game. So, let's figure out the names of the chess pieces from pictures and photos.

  1. (King) - this is the most important figure on the “battlefield”, around which the game is built. After all, the end of the game comes precisely when the opponent’s king is defeated. Despite his status, the king is quite limited in his movements; he can only move one square in any direction. But at the same time, he has the advantage of castling. This term means a joint move with a rook, during which the king is sent to a safer place.

  2. (Queen) - this is the most active, strongest and second most important figure during the game. Its possibilities in movement trajectories are most diverse. The queen can move both up and down the board, and left and right, as well as along white and black diagonals. The queen is a difficult figure from the enemy’s point of view, because she has great capabilities for protecting the king and can find herself in in the right place. The queen usually looks almost the same as the king, but a little lower and often with a small ball on top.

  

  3. (Rook) - this figure moves only vertically or horizontally and is limited by obstacles. At the start, the player has two rooks, which are placed at the edges of the field. Sometimes amateurs call them “tours,” but for experienced players this sounds off-putting.

  

  4. (Bishop) - also a paired figure, considered light, usually looks like a low tower with a pointed drop. This form may resemble the robes of a monk - and so it is. The figurine appeared precisely because Catholic priests were fond of chess and brought something of their own to it.

  

  5. (Knight) - usually looks like the corresponding animal. Its peculiarity is its unusual manner of movement, namely the letter “G” in any direction. The knight easily jumps over obstacles (opponent pieces) and at the beginning of the game stands next to the rook.

  6. (Pawn) - this is a chess soldier who is the first to rush into battle and opens the game. Each has 8 pawns. They move most simply - one square at a time and only forward, although as a first move they can jump over a square - and they only knock down enemy pieces diagonally. Pawns play an important role, they defend other pieces, and when they reach the opposite edge of the board they can return in their place any previously captured piece - a queen, a rook, and a knight. The only exception here is the king.