• where the pocketed ball lands in billiards. Hitting the cue ball with a cue

=> Rules of the game in pool

Rules of the game in *pool* (Pool).

Pool is translated from English into Russian as billiards. That is, it is approximately the same thing. We can say that *pool* is billiards played by Americans, and Russian billiards is *pool* played by Russians.

There are enough differences - in American billiards the table is smaller, the pockets are wider, there are restrictions on which balls can be hit when and where to hit them. It has become common to call American billiards*pool*.

Without begging for any advantages of Russian billiards, it should be noted that *pool* is a much more dynamic and unpredictable game. Apparently this is why *pool* is more common in nightclubs, billiard rooms and even in cafes.

These rules are introductory for beginners. If someone feels empowered and wants to know more details, they can be viewed at www.pool.ru

Arrangement:

By general rules*pool* is played with 16 balls. 15 of them are numbered. From 1 to 7 balls are *whole* - each of the same color. From 9 to 15 *striped* or *half* - divided in half by a white stripe. During the game, whole and striped balls are divided between opponents.

Ball number 8 is black, it must be pocketed at the end of the game in a certain pocket before the opponent to win, and you cannot pocket, even by accident, before all your balls have been pocketed.

A white ball without a number is called *cue ball*. All blows are struck by both opponents with a cue. He, in turn, must hit his (*whole* or *striped*) ball and not fall into the pocket.

Before the start of the game, the balls are placed in a triangle, all must touch each other tightly. The front ball is located on the back mark. In the second row there is one whole and one striped ball. In the third: in the center there is a figure eight, at the edges there is one *whole* and one *striped* balls. In the fourth row, one after the other, there are 2 *whole* and 2 *striped* balls. In the last fifth row there are the remaining balls, and the corner ones must be different - * whole * and * striped *.

Sometimes the balls are placed in another way. Basic rules - *whole* and *striped* balls of the same color should not stand next to each other, they should alternate as much as possible.

As the rules state, the first strike must be played. For some reason, this is rarely practiced in Tver. Nevertheless, we will briefly describe this procedure. The drawing is carried out before the balls are placed on the table. Both players place two identical balls (preferably two *cue ball*, but two *full* balls are also possible) in the *house* to the left and right of the central longitudinal line (it is not on the field, but is easy to imagine by dots). At the same time they strike towards the opposite wall. The balls must touch it once and return as close as possible. In this case, the ball should not fall into the pocket, touch the side walls, roll into the opponent’s half, or touch another ball. If you make a mistake, you lose. If both made a mistake, they replay. The player whose ball is closer to the house wall without errors has the right to choose who will hit first. Indeed, it’s easier to agree right away :)...

Hit the *cue ball*, miss the pocket, hit it from the hand:

The blow to the *cue ball* must be done with a sticker (this is a rubber band on the tip of the cue). Any other blow, as well as touching the balls with your hand or clothing, is counted as an error, or a foul, as billiard players usually say.

If you make a correct shot on the *cue ball*, it hits the object ball, but it does not go into the pocket, this shot does not count as an error, and the opponent continues the game.

Hit from the hand - if the *cue ball* flew off the table or fell into a pocket, then it is returned to the table. The player places the ball in the *house* and strikes outside of it. In this case, the *cue ball* must not touch other balls until it crosses the *home* line. If a shot is struck by the cue ball at a ball that is inside the *house*, it must be struck through the reflection of the *cue ball* from the far short wall.

However, new rules have appeared - a blow from the hand is not necessarily from *home* - but from any point on the table. It is advisable for players to agree in advance on what rules to play by.

The first blow is delivered from the hand (from *home*). Even if some balls have rolled into the pockets, the table is considered open - that is, *whole* and striped balls are not divided between the players. According to some rules, after breaking, at least four balls must touch the walls. If this does not happen, the opponent has the right to choose - either leave everything as is, or replay the first blow. Whether or not to use this rule must be agreed upon in advance. Most often in Tver this rule does not apply.

If after the first hit the *cue ball* rolls into the pocket, a foul is counted. If the 8th ball rolls, the win is counted. If, after the first hit, the 8 leaves the table (which is very difficult to imagine), it returns to the table and is placed on the *dot*.

Distribution of *whole* and striped balls between players:

After the first hit, players hit the *cue ball*, which in turn must hit any ball except the 8th. If as a result one ball falls into the pocket, then the table becomes closed. The ball that hits the pocket determines which balls become the player's balls - whole or striped. If the ball was *whole*, then this player must strike the cue ball at the whole balls until they are all in the pockets. If a player hits the opponent's 8-ball or balls with his cue ball, a foul is counted, even if this results in his own ball being pocketed. A foul is also counted if the opponent’s ball rolls into the pocket together with one’s own balls after a hit.

After all *your* balls are pocketed, you need to cue the 8th ball into a strictly defined pocket. It is located diametrically opposite to the pocket into which the last *own* ball rolled.

Defeat:

A loss is counted if the 8th ball after a hit hits the pocket before not all *own* balls have been pocketed (or *played* in billiard terminology). The same thing happens if the 8th ball leaves the table (except for the first hit), even if, after being reflected from foreign objects, it hits the table again. And if the 8th ball does not fall into its pocket, it means defeat again. In general, you win only if, after playing all *your* balls, you pocket the 8th ball without fouling, or if your opponent loses.

There is a rule that protects a draw - this is if both players make three mistakes. Rarely seen in Tver. It is advisable to agree on this in advance.

Foul or error:

According to the general rules, a correct hit is if you hit the *cue ball*, and it, in turn, hit your ball first (the *whole* or *half* while they are on the table, or the 8th after). If at the same time only *your* balls roll into the pockets, you continue the game. In this case, the *cue ball* itself must remain on the table.

In almost all other cases a foul is called. That is, the opponent enters the game and at the same time he has the right to re-strike if he performed the correct shot, but failed to pocket a single *his* ball. If the opponent himself made a mistake, the right to strike again is lost.

The following cases are considered an error: delivering a double strike; if the balls are touched by your hand, clothing, machine, or other part of the cue (except for the sticker); if after the shot the *cue ball* falls into the pocket; if the balls fly off the table (except for the 8th, since a loss is counted); if *other people's* balls are pocketed; if the *cue ball* was the first to touch someone else’s ball or the 8th ball, etc.

Some strikes are also prohibited. For example, when the cue slides over the ball. Or hits him twice. Or after a hit one of the balls hits the cue. A special case is when the *cue ball* is close to the ball being hit. This type of blow is called *punch*. In this case, only a *cutting* blow is allowed - that is, you cannot hit directly.

What to do if the ball falls off the table?

Eat different ways return. In sports competitions, the position is restored, and this is done by the referee. There is a way - the ball is placed against the wall in the place where it crossed the border of the table. In Tver, it is customary to do the following: the opponent places the ball on the table, at any point, but always against the wall.

Bottom line

Isn't it time to stop reading and get down to business? It has long been proven that billiards is one of the most beneficial sports for health. It relaxes, trains concentration and combines mental processes with motor skills. During one game, the player finds about 1.5 kilometers around the table. The main thing is that the room is not smoky.

Billiards is one of the most popular board games. This game, just like chess, has a very ancient origin. The birthplace of billiards is Asia (according to some sources, India, according to others, China). Currently, there are many varieties of billiards: Russian billiards, carom ( French billiards), snooker, pool and so on. Throughout its history, billiards has ceased to be just a game, but has become a sport. In most varieties of billiards, the main goal is to pocket the ball, which requires sufficient skill from the billiard player. Let's try to figure out how to hit a ball with a cue so that it hits another stationary ball and pockets it.

Let's consider a simple shot in which the rotation of the balls does not have a significant effect on the direction of their movement. Let's assume that you use a cue to hit a stationary ball number 1 (cue ball), which before colliding with ball 2 has a speed of . Let after the collision balls 1 and 2 receive velocities and respectively.

Before striking with a cue, preparatory activities are necessary. Let's draw several imaginary lines: AB - the axis of symmetry of the pocket, CD - a line connecting the edges of the pocket C and D (it should be noted that these lines are perpendicular and intersect at point O), OH - a line connecting the center of ball number 2 and point O, DE – a line perpendicular to the OH line, FG – a line perpendicular to the OH line and passing through the intersection point of the OH line and the surface of ball number 2. In order for ball number 2 to fly into the pocket, the speed must be directed along the OH line. Therefore, ball number 1 must collide with ball number 2 at the point of intersection of lines OH and FG, in this case, due to the small force of friction between the balls, the force of their interaction will be directed along the line connecting the centers of the balls, that is, along the line OH.

In addition, the pocket width CD multiplied by the sine of the angle CDE must be greater than the diameter of the ball FG. Since in Russian billiards the width of the pocket is approximately 72-73 mm, and the diameter of the ball is 68 mm, the maximum angle between the lines AB and OH, at which ball number 2 will fly into the pocket, is equal to arccos (FG/CD) = 24 0. Otherwise, the ball will be reflected from the edges of the pocket and will not fly into it.

When playing billiards, it is not enough to pocket one ball; the location of the remaining balls on the table after hitting is also important. Therefore, we should understand the direction of the velocity of ball number 1 after a collision with ball number 2. To determine this direction, we will assume that the billiard balls are sufficiently smooth and elastic, neglecting the friction force between them and considering collisions between the balls to be absolutely elastic. In this case, the law of conservation of momentum is also observed

and the law of conservation of energy

,

then, taking into account that the mass of all billiard balls is almost the same, we obtain:

,
.

It follows that the vectors , and are sides of the same triangle. In addition, according to the inverse Pythagorean theorem, the angle between the directions of the speeds of the balls after impact is equal to 90 0. That is, after the collision, balls 1 and 2 fly apart at right angles. This also needs to be taken into account when playing billiards.

Using the proposed method, we suggest you solve the problem:

Calculate the permissible error in choosing the direction of hitting the cue into the center of ball number 1, so that ball number 2 still lands in the pocket, if the distance between the balls and the distance of ball number 2 to the pocket are 50 cm.

The material was prepared by Matveev K.V., methodologist of the State Medical Center of the Pre-Moscow City Center

1. Marking the billiard table.

1.1. The following lines and marks must be marked on the playing surface of the billiard table:
(1) Center Mark - The point located in the center of the playing surface of the table.
(2) The center line is a straight line drawn through the center mark parallel to the short sides. The center line divides the playing surface of the table into two halves - front and back.
(3) Front Mark - The point located in the center of the front half of the playing surface of the table.
(4) The house line is a straight line drawn through the front mark and parallel to the front side.
(5) Back Mark - The point located in the center of the back half of the playing surface of the table.
(6) Pocket area - a radius of 136 mm from the point of impact in the pockets of the billiard table.
(7) The ball line is that part of the longitudinal line of the table drawn from the back mark to the middle of the back rail.
(8) “Dead zone” is a part of the playing surface of the table from which it is impossible to pocket an object ball. Visually, it is determined by connecting the point of fall of the middle pocket and the middle of the short side; if the middle pocket is on the right, then the “dead zone” is also on the right or vice versa.
1.2. The house is the part of the playing surface of the table, enclosed between the house line and the front edge.
Note: two additional lines may be applied to the playing surface of the table to accurately establish the pyramid. The first passes through the center of the ball standing at the top of the pyramid, parallel to the rear side 100 mm long. The second passes through the center of the balls standing at the base of the pyramid, parallel to the 400 mm long rear side. Both lines are equidistant from the long sides.

2. Balls used.

A standard set of sixteen billiard balls: fifteen to ten white (ivory) balls with numbers from 1 to 15 and one colored (preferably yellow) ball without a number.
Note: a colored ball without a number may have markings in the form of lines or dots.

3. Cue ball and object balls.

3.1. The cue ball is the ball that is hit with the cue during the game.
3.2. When playing “Moscow Dynamic” and “Russian Classic”, a colored ball serves as the cue ball.
3.3. When playing Long American, any ball on the playing surface of the table can be selected as the cue ball for any next shot (the only exception is the initial shot, which uses a colored ball).
3.4. All other balls on the playing surface of the table except the cue ball are target balls.

4. The collision of the cue ball with the object ball.

4.1. Impact (touch) of the cue ball with one of the object balls is a prerequisite for any the right blow, including initial.
4.2. The cue ball can be hit on the object ball either directly or from any side(s).
4.3. If the cue ball does not touch any of the object balls, the shot is considered illegal and is punishable by a penalty.

5. Play after a violation.

In case of violation of the rules, the opponent of the offender has the right, after placing incorrectly pocketed and popped balls, as well as placing a penalty ball from the shelf onto the table:
(1) make the next blow himself, or
(2) yield it to the violator.

6. Playing the kickoff.

6.1. When playing the kickoff (breaking the pyramid), the following procedure is used. Situated on different sides from the longitudinal line of the table, the players simultaneously perform a hand stroke from the house, sending the balls to
back and forth. In this case, two white balls are used. The player whose ball lands closest to the front board wins.
6.2.The draw is considered automatically lost if:
(1) the ball entered the opponent's half,
(2) did not reach the tailgate,
(3) fell into a pocket,
(4) jumped overboard,
(5) touched the long side or
(6) touched the tailgate more than once.
6.3. If both opponents violate the rules or if the referee cannot determine whose ball stopped closer to the front board, then the rally is repeated.
6.4. If one of the players makes a shot after his opponent's ball has reached the back rail, he automatically loses the rally. If, at the same time, the losing player believes that the opponent deliberately struck ahead, he can appeal to the judge.
6.5. The winner of the drawing has the right:
(1) make the initial kick himself or
(2) yield it to an opponent.

7. Initial arrangement of balls.

7.1. Before the initial shot, fifteen white balls are set in the shape of an equilateral triangle (pyramid) with the apex on the back mark of the table and the base parallel to the back board. Each ball must touch adjacent balls. When placing the balls, use a standard triangle.
7.2. The colored ball used as the cue ball for the opening shot (breaking the pyramid) is located in the house.
Note: As the game progresses, situations may arise that require the installation of an incomplete pyramid (see paragraph 24). When installing an incomplete pyramid, all requirements for installing a full pyramid are met. The differences are as follows - an incomplete pyramid is filled in the direction from the top to the base. In this case, the base (bottom row) must be filled. To do this, if necessary, move the balls from the top of the pyramid.

8. Ball position.

The position of the ball is determined by the position of its center.

9. House and house line.

9.1. The house line is not part of the house.
9.2. A ball on the house line is considered to be outside the house.

10. Introducing the cue ball into the game (start of the game).

10.1. The cue ball is put into play by the initial stroke from the house.
10.2. A colored ball should always be used as the cue ball when performing the kick-off.
10.3. The player who enters the game first can place the cue ball at any point on the house, but not on the house line (see clause 9 and clause 10). If the cue ball is placed outside the house, the referee or opponent must warn the player entering the game about this before he strikes. Otherwise, the cue ball is considered to be entered into play correctly.
If the player entering the game is warned about the incorrect position of the cue ball, he is obliged to correct it.
10.4. The cue ball is considered to be put into play immediately after it is hit with the cue stick (see clause 13).
10.5. Until the cue ball is put into play, it can be corrected by hand, cue, etc. However, any touching of the cue ball after it has been put into play will result in a penalty.

11. Correct kickoff.

11.1. The initial shot (breaking the pyramid) is considered correct if, after the cue ball hits one of the object balls:
(1) one of the balls is correctly pocketed; or
(2) any of the balls touched two sides.
If none of these requirements are met, a fine will be imposed.
11.2. If the first player to enter the game fails to make a valid kick-off, his opponent has the right to:
(1) accept the current position of the balls on the table and continue the game; or
(2) accept the existing position of the balls on the table and force the offender to continue playing; or
(3) having re-arranged the balls, make the initial shot; or
(4) having re-arranged the balls, force the offender to make the opening shot again.
11.3. In the 1st game, the right to kick off is determined by a rally. Next, the initial blow is made by the winner of the previous game. Also, the winner of the current game has the right to transfer the initial blow to the opponent.

12. Start and end of the blow.

12.1. The stroke begins from the moment the cue sticker touches the cue ball and ends after all the balls have completely stopped on the playing surface of the table. (A ball rotating in place is considered moving.)
12.2. It is forbidden to start the next blow before the previous one is completed. Otherwise - a fine.

13. Hit the cue ball with the cue.

The cue ball should only be struck with the cue stick in the direction of its longitudinal axis. Otherwise - a fine.

14. Touching the floor with your foot.

When hitting the cue ball, at least one player's foot must touch the floor. Otherwise - a fine.

15.1. With the exception of touching the cue ball with the cue stick when making a shot, it is prohibited to touch any ball (cue ball or any object ball) on the playing surface of the table with your body, clothing, chalk, machine, cue shaft, etc. Otherwise - a fine.

When making a shot, the cue stick should only touch the cue ball once. Otherwise - a fine.

17.1. It is prohibited to tighten the contact of the cue sticker with the cue ball until the cue ball hits (touches) the object ball. Otherwise, the blow is qualified as an arrow and is punishable by a fine.
17.2. If the cue ball touches the object ball or if the distance between the cue ball and the object ball is so small that when hitting the cue ball it is practically impossible to avoid an instantaneous triple contact - "cue stick - cue ball - object ball", then the cue strike on the cue ball does not qualify as a push if it is applied:
(1) at an angle of at least 45 degrees away from the line of the centers of the two balls.
(2) or in such a way that the cue ball does not pass forward after impact (following the object ball). Otherwise - a fine.
Note: Hitting the cue ball away from the contacting object ball (without displacing the latter from its place) does not count as the cue ball hitting that object ball. If after this the cue ball does not touch any of the object balls, then the shot is considered illegal and is punishable by a fine (see clause 4.3).

18. Correctly completed kick.

Any shot (except for the initial one) is considered correct (correctly completed) if none of the provisions of these Rules is violated and, in addition, after the cue ball hits (touches) one of the object balls with any of the balls:
(1) pocketed;
(2) touches 2 sides; or
(a) brings any ball to the other side; or
(b) touches any ball that is close to the other board;
(3) stopped in the pocket area (see paragraph 1(6));
(4) the middle pocket area has been touched - one of the played balls must touch the side in the middle pocket area. When playing an object ball into the middle pocket, it must be outside the “dead zone” for this pocket (see clause 1.1, p. 8).
If none of these conditions are met, a fine will be imposed.

19. Free kick and bonus kick from home.

19.1. When playing “Moscow Classics”, a hand strike from any house is also made in other cases specified by the rules. It can be either a penalty (if the cue ball is pocketed incorrectly or the cue ball jumps overboard) or a bonus (if the cue ball is pocketed correctly).
19.2. You can pocket any ball after the cue ball hits any object ball located outside the house.

20. Correctly and incorrectly pocketed balls.

20.1. The ball is considered correctly pocketed (played) if it falls into the pocket as a result of a correct shot.
20.2. If from the moment the strike begins until the moment it is completed (see clause 12), at least one of the provisions of these Rules was violated, then all balls that fell into the pockets as a result of this strike are considered incorrectly pocketed.
20.3. If the violation occurs after the kick has been completed (see paragraph 12), a penalty will be imposed. However, a ball that falls into a pocket as a result of a completed shot is considered to be pocketed correctly.
Note. If a violation of the rules of the game occurs after the completion of the game (that is, after the completion last blow, as a result of which the last ball in the game was correctly pocketed), no penalty is imposed and the result of the game is not revised.
20.4. All illegally pocketed balls are not counted and are put out.
20.5. A ball that jumps out of the pocket onto the playing surface of the table is considered not pocketed and remains in play. No fine will be imposed.

21. The ball is on the edge of the pocket.

21.1. If a ball hanging over a pocket spontaneously falls into the pocket, without colliding with another ball, and if this did not affect the final result of the start of the strike, then it is restored to its original place and the game continues.
21.2. If a ball hanging over a pocket spontaneously falls into the pocket, without colliding with another ball, and if this affected the final result of the start of the strike (that is, in the event that a ball spontaneously falling into the pocket would inevitably be hit by one of the balls set in motion) , then all the balls are placed as accurately as possible in their previous positions and the blow is repeated.
21.3. If a moving ball stops at the edge of a pocket in a position of unstable equilibrium and then falls into the pocket, it is considered to have fallen into the pocket due to a hit.

22. Popped up ball.

22.1. The ball is considered to have jumped overboard if, after completing the stroke, it stops outside the playing surface of the table (on the board, on the floor, etc.).
22.2. The ball is not considered to have jumped out if, having hit the upper part of the elastic side or handrail, it independently returns to the playing surface without touching any other object that is not a stationary accessory of the billiard table.
If the ball touches any object that is not part of the table, for example, a lighting fixture, chalk on the board or handrail, etc., then it is considered to have jumped out, even if it then returns to the playing surface on its own.
22.3. If the cue ball goes overboard, a penalty is imposed. There is no penalty for an object ball jumping overboard.
22.4. All popped balls are set after the shot is completed.

23. Placing balls.

23.1. All illegally pocketed balls, overshot balls and delayed penalty balls are placed after the completion of the stroke and before the start of the next one.
23.2. The single ball is placed on the back mark.
If several balls are placed, they are placed in a random order on the line of placing the balls from the back mark to the back board as close as possible, but not close to each other.
If any balls located near or directly on the fielding line interfere with the fielding process, then the fielded balls are placed on the fielding line as close as possible to the back mark and as close as possible, but not close to the interfering balls.
If there is not enough space for the balls to be placed between the back mark and the back board, then the balls are placed on the extension of the line of placing balls (between the back mark and the center of the playing surface of the table) as close as possible to the back mark.
23.3. When playing Long American, any exposed ball can be chosen by the player as a cue ball or an object ball, and when playing Moscow Classic - as an object ball.
23.4. Balls that are out of play cannot be used for the purpose of making any measurements to determine the distance between the balls, the ball and the side, etc.

24. Intervention by an outsider.

If during the game the balls start to move due to the intervention of an outsider (directly or through any influence on the player performing the stroke), then they are returned to their original positions and the game continues. In this case, no fine is imposed.
This rule also applies in the event of emergency situations (earthquake, hurricane, falling lighting fixture, sudden blackout, etc.)
If it is not possible to restore the position of the balls, then the colored ball is installed in the house (if the colored ball is out of the game, then it is returned to the game in exchange for any of the white balls remaining on the table), all white balls remaining on the table are installed in the shape of a pyramid (or incomplete pyramids) with the top on the back mark, the right of the subsequent strike is determined by the rally and the game continues according to the kickoff rule (see paragraph 11). The score remains as it was at the time the game was interrupted.

Note: When installing an incomplete pyramid, you should follow the rules set out in paragraph 7.

25. Interfering with an opponent's game.

If a player, having completed his approach, strikes out of turn or displaces (touches) any ball during the opponent's play, this is considered interference with the game and entails a penalty. In this case, the disturbed position of the balls is restored.

26. Fines.

26.1. Fines are imposed in the following cases:
(1) if the cue ball did not touch any of the object balls during the impact (see paragraph 4.3.)
(2) in case of an incorrect initial kick (see paragraph 11.1);
(3) if the next stroke begins before the previous one is completed (see paragraph 12.2);
(4) when hitting the cue ball incorrectly (see paragraph 13);
(5) when striking the cue ball with both feet lifted off the floor (see paragraph 14);
(6) when touching the balls is prohibited (see clause 15);
(7) with a double strike (see paragraph 16);
(8) when pushing through (see clause 17.1 and clause 17.2);
(9) with an incorrectly completed kick (see paragraph 18);
(10) when the cue ball jumps overboard (see clause 22.3);
(11) when the time limit for a strike is exceeded (see clause 28);
(12) when interfering with an opponent’s game (see clause 25);
(13) for making marks on the cloth or sides when aiming;
(14) if the player places the cue on the table to aim without holding it with his hand.
26.2. If a player commits several violations while making one stroke, the fine will be charged in a single amount.

27. Deferred penalty.

27.1. If after a penalty kick the offender does not have any balls on the shelf, then the penalty will be deferred until the successful kick. In this case, the score of his points in the game is -1, -2, etc.
27.2. The penalty ball is awarded in accordance with clause 23.1.

28. Time limit.

28.1. The time to make a strike is 40 seconds (for live broadcasts on TV - 30 seconds) from the moment the balls stop.
28.2. In each game, the athlete, if necessary, but not more than 2 times, is given additional time to make a strike over the next 40 (30) seconds. In this case, the procedure described in clause 11.3 is followed.
28.3. The referee at the table, after deciding that the player has violated the 40 (30) second rule, gives the command “Time” and times the strike for 40 (30) seconds. In this case, the first additional time for making a strike is considered used. After the player exceeds the 40 (30) second limit for the second time, the procedure is repeated. An athlete who needs extra time can ask the judge himself: “Extra time” and the judge will time 40 (30) seconds per strike. After the player(s) have used extra time, the referee will time each kick. At the same time, 10 seconds before the time for the strike expires, he gives the command: “10 seconds.” If after this the athlete does not meet the allotted time for the strike, a fine is imposed on him.

29. Breaks.

29.1. During the match, each athlete has the right to one five-minute break. When playing Long American, a player has the right to take a break only on “his” stroke. An additional break before the counter set is provided if the match goes to 4 or more wins (Moscow classics). If an athlete does not take advantage of the break before the counter set, he loses the right to an additional break.
29.2. When broadcasting a match on TV live a break is possible only with the permission of the referee at the table.
29.3. When playing on a TV table, an athlete who is late after a 5-minute break will be fined $50 for each minute of lateness.
29.4. The athlete does not have the right to leave the table and stop the game without compelling reasons, and without the permission of the table referee (or the opponent, if the game is played without a table referee).

30. Series with a cue.

30.1. When determining the largest series from a cue, the following are accepted for scoring: 15 or more balls for men, 8 or more for women.
30.2. To fix a series without a judge at the table, the athlete must invite the judge who is in the hall after 8 minutes. pocketed balls for men and after 5 - for women.
30.3. The referee records the series played in the match report.
30.4. After the athlete has scored 8 points, he is considered a victory in the game and is given the right to continue the game to increase the series with the cue. In this case, a penalty kick during this continued game does not apply to the previous game, but serves as the basis for stopping the series minus an incorrectly pocketed ball. Moreover, after any successful hit, the player can ask the referee to set the initial arrangement of balls for the start of the next game.

31. Unsportsmanlike conduct.

31.1. Competitors are required to adhere to the principles of fair and correct sports wrestling, as well as to observe standards of behavior in relation to other participants, officials and spectators.
31.2. The referee is obliged to suppress unsportsmanlike behavior with the following sanctions:
- remark;
- warning;
- announcement of defeat in a game or meeting;
- exclusion from participation in competitions.
31.3. The sanctions applied are noted in the protocol.
31.4. If an athlete is disqualified from participating in competitions, entry fees are non-refundable.

32. Order.

32.1 All straight balls count.
32.2. If the ball touches any balls or sides before falling into the pocket, it is considered accidental and is not counted. No fine will be imposed. The blow goes to the opponent.
32.3. When declaring an order, you must indicate the ball with the cue and the pocket in which the ball will be played. One ball can only be ordered into one pocket.
32.3. After a “straight-flying” or “custom ball” falls, other balls that fall as a result of such a hit are counted.

Rules of the game Pool & 8 balls

"Eight" is a game made to order. The game is played with a cue ball (white ball). One player pockets solid-colored balls (1-7), the other - striped ones (9-15). The winner is the player who potted all the balls in his group and placed ball No. 8 according to the order.

Installation of balls

The eighth ball (black) is placed in the center of the pyramid. Colored and striped balls alternate, placing balls in the corners of the pyramid different groups. The cue ball must be pocketed from behind the home line or brought at least 4 balls to the boards. Failure to comply with this condition is an error. The partner can then: continue the game from this position; do the robbery again or ask your partner about it. Getting the cue ball into the pocket during a break is a mistake. The object ball flew overboard during the robbery - a mistake. In this case, the partner either continues the game or plays from behind the “house line”. If during a break the 8th ball falls into the pocket, then the partner places the pyramid again and breaks the balls, or places the 8th ball on the back point and plays from this position. If the 8th ball and cue ball fall at the same time, the partner can re-break the pyramid or place the 8th ball on the back point and play from behind the home line.

Ball selection

After the first hit in the pocket, the choice of balls to be pocketed by the players is determined. If, for example, a striped ball fell into a pocket first during the game, then the player who pocketed this ball must continue to pocket only striped balls, and his partner - solid ones.

Correct shot

You need to pocket the ball or bring the cue ball or object ball to the side. If the cue ball hits the board first and then the object ball, the cue ball or object ball must then touch the boards. Object balls that pop out are a mistake. They are installed on the back point in ascending order of the ball number along the longitudinal line to the short side. An error will be considered if: the cue ball does not hit the object ball; when the cue ball hits the object ball, neither one nor the other touches the sides; the cue ball falls into the pocket; the cue ball flies overboard; the partner touches any ball with something; the player hits the ball when the balls have not yet stopped. In case of any mistake, the partner plays “from hand”, that is, puts the cue ball on any place on the table

Losing

The player loses the game if: ball No. 8 is pocketed during a shot with violations (exception - during a robbery); ball No. 8 fell into the pocket prematurely; ball No. 8 is knocked overboard; ball No. 8 fell into an unordered pocket; ball No. 8 fell into the pocket at the same time as the last ball of its group