Intellectual games of chess. Presentation on the topic "Chess: is it a sport or an intellectual game?"
Chess is an intellectual sport. It develops memory, intelligence, thinking, logic very well. It is better to start learning this game from childhood, children have very good memory and it will persist for a very long time.
You need to be able to think through a few moves forward. Chess players usually develop a mathematical mindset. Why this game attributed to sports? Usually in sports, muscles are pumped up, and here is the brain. Officially, chess became a sport in 2006 and has been recognized by over a hundred countries. That's just in Olympic Games this sport never entered, as, in fact, other intellectual games. Not all sports require physical strength, for example, in shooting, accuracy is important.
To play chess you need training, constant training. For chess, speed, the speed of thinking is also important, as in other sports. A physically weak person will not be able to sit at the board for a long time, this requires perseverance, calmness, energy, which is not found in every sport.
The board consists of 64 cells, white and black equally. Each player has 16 pieces at the beginning of the game. Eight pawns, two bishops, two bishops, a queen and a king are pieces that every player has. The object of the game is to checkmate the opponent. Checkmate can be put when the king has no move, all squares are occupied by the opponent's pieces or by his own. The player with white pieces always moves first. All the figures move in different ways, for example, the horse moves with the letter G, and also the only one can jump over the pieces. The king can move only one square, in any direction, the queen - along any straight line and at any distance, only it cannot jump over the pieces. The rook can only move horizontally or vertically. The knight moves to any distance, but only vertically. Pawns do not move backward, they move forward one space per turn. They can also transform into other shapes.
There are many tutorials for teaching chess. Learning is not so difficult. But it's better when you study with early age, there is every chance of becoming a professional. In fact, in this game, both strength and intelligence are needed, and better is the strength of the mind. By the way, speaking about the safety of this sport, intellectual game really is the safest. Although there are people who, in case of defeat, get into a fight.
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State budgetary educational institution Medium comprehensive school№ 949 of the Southern District Administration Research work on the topic: Author: student of 1st grade "b" Antonova Amalia Supervisor: teacher primary grades Galishnikova L.Yu.Slide 2
In this game you need: be able to think, have perseverance, be attentive. Chess and checkmate The ruler (check) is dead What is chess: a sport or an intellectual game? Objectives: to study literature about chess; to collect the opinion of the people around me: to learn the history of the emergence of chess; state the basic rules of the game; find out all the chess champions.
Slide 3
... A merciless raja lived in India One of the subjects invented a game where the king means little without the support and protection of the pieces The game turned out to be surprisingly interesting and the raja offered any reward to the creator The citizen wanted to receive an award with grain grains, but so that for the first square of the chessboard he was given one a grain, for the second - two, for the third - four, then eight, sixteen, etc. However, it turned out that so many grains cannot be found in the whole world. This is the number 18 446 744 073 709 551 615
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there were only 4 pieces; there were 4 players, not two (they played a pair for a pair); moves were made by throwing dice; to win the game, it was necessary to destroy the entire enemy army. The game originated in India in the 6th century and was called chaturanga Differences from modern chess:
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In 550, in the Arab East, chaturanga began to be called: among the Arabs - "shatranj", among the Persians - "shatrang", among the Tajiks - "chess". The rules of the game have changed: there are two players; each received 2 sets of figures; instead of bones, they began to walk one move in turn; the victory began to be recorded by setting a checkmate or stalemate. By the XV century. chess has acquired a modern look.
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, Popularization of chess Organization of various international competitions Founded on July 20, 1924 in Paris Has its own flag and anthem, the FIDE motto - "We are all one family" FIDE Objectives:
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Each cell has its own name. Cells are designated: horizontally with Latin letters from a to h, vertically with numbers from 1 to 8 from bottom to top.
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White pieces start the game. The moves are done one by one, one piece at a time. The moves of each piece are shown in the diagrams below. Each piece has its own rules of movement. King's move Queen's move Knight's move Bishop's move Rook's move
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If the king is in check and there are no more moves, this is checkmate. If the player has no move during his turn, but the king is not in check, this is a stalemate. The outcome of the game The game ends with a win or a draw.
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All official parties use time control. Time control has been used since the 19th century, for this they used hourglass... In the late 19th century, Wilson designed a mechanical chess clock (1883). Nowadays, electronic chess clocks are increasingly used. Mechanical watch Electronic watch
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Sport is, first of all, overcoming oneself, achieving mastery, striving to become the first, to win the highest awards and titles. Chess develops memory, attention, ingenuity, imagination, fosters will, character, and teaches people to work independently. A person who plays this game also acquires valuable qualities
Slide 14
Chess has a system of regular tournaments with national and international leagues and chess congresses. Chess is recognized as a sport in 100 countries. In 1999, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) recognized chess as a sport, but did not include it in the Olympic program. FIDE holds its own Chess Olympiads.
Manage battles in computer strategy absolutely everyone can. What is there to be able to do that! Magicians - to conjure! Archers - shoot! Dragons - breathe fire! .. But you try to become a real commander for the army of wooden horses and pawns. And when you feel that your army, limited in number, but unlimited in possibilities, can defeat anyone on its board, then you will become not just a grandmaster, but a real commander.
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Do you want to have a good rest and switch your brains from endless work or study to something more enjoyable? Evenings are designed to play chess with the computer - it's hard to find a more interesting and more useful activity for the mind! The main thing is that, contrary to common misconception, playing chess with a computer is almost as cool as playing with a live opponent. Of course, in this case it is impossible to break the rules, and besides, it will not be possible to hit the opponent on the head with the queen in case of a loss - this is a minus ...
If you want to become the strongest in this intellectual sport, you will certainly need live opponents with non-standard logic and the ability to generate creative solutions. But it is impossible to enter the tournament for the real champions unprepared: online chess will allow you to train as long as you need! And when you practice playing chess online, you can safely call at least Kasparov himself to the tournament. There is no doubt: as with any sport, regular training will allow you to prevail in any situation!
A bit of history
It was not for nothing that we immediately began to compare the board game with military strategy... It is now difficult for us to imagine that a knight, rook or bishop (by the way, by the way, does not look like an elephant) may have something to do with military operations. Where are the tanks, you ask? Where is the aviation? Okay, if we decided to do with the infantry - let it be the infantry ... But why, then, the pawns are more likely not like stern infantrymen, but like girls in ball gowns?
It is easy to answer all these questions if we remember that the history of the game of chess originates in ancient India: scientists agree that the game appeared no later than the 6th century AD. Since at that time humanity was already a fairly civilized and organized society, the battles were little like primitive battles. It was not the personal endurance and strength of warriors that came to the fore in the art of war, but the ability of their commander to build tactics and plan a battle strategy.
It was somewhat expensive to work out various tactical schemes on living people even in those days, and therefore the ancient rulers decided to come up with something that would allow them to simulate the course of the battle. And they came up with chess - not so much a game as a training ground for commanders, a tool for planning and practicing possible tactical techniques. On the board were exactly the troops that the then generals had at that time. Yes, and for the commanders themselves, a place was found: in the role of a king, who is of little use as ordinary warrior, but without which the battle is instantly lost.
Of course, there were no tanks in those days - that's why we still play with rooks (chariots), elephants (in fact, elephants are elephants) and cavalry. Well, the infantry - where can we go without it? Pawns have the shortest move, but there are always a lot of them, and it is they who start the battle. Well, do you still have doubts that playing chess perfectly reflects the picture of the fighting?
Chess players of all countries, unite!
Of course, time cannot but affect traditional entertainment. And, although chess has not only existed for a long time, but has been popular for many centuries, the rules of this game became more or less settled only in the 19th century. Finally, the game acquired the status not only “ubiquitous”, but also “international” with the creation of the FIDE organization. The history and purpose of the emergence of this community is typical of any such association in the sports world. With the growing popularity of some kind of entertainment, the number of different interpretations of the rules increases, which make it almost impossible to hold more or less large-scale competitions.
To turn the board game into a real sport, it is necessary to create a unified system of rules, a mechanism for assigning sports titles and competition regulations. It is these questions that FIDE has been solving since 1924 - that is, for almost a century. Of course, no one bothers you to create your own set of rules - only with whom will you play? And after studying the generally accepted rules, approved by FIDE, you can play chess with a computer, with a Chinese or with a world champion - and with all according to the same rules! In this regard, playing chess is a universal language of communication, because wherever you come, you can always play a party or two with any local resident, without worrying about the language barrier. You just don't need to speak: your moves will say everything for you!
Computer chess player
It just so happens that not all mind sports are considered equally valuable for mental development. For some reason, an avid gambler is more likely to be associated in society with some asocial element, while a chess player is a well-deserved and respected person.
I distinguish this sport among all board games precisely because in it, as nowhere else, the importance of the manifestation of all aspects of human thinking is great. Reading books and studying the games played by other people, a novice chess player gains a theoretical knowledge base, which can be partially even tried to be transferred to practice: we all know such a concept as, for example, "classical opening" - what is it like not an attempt to replace the work of one's own imagination with reproduction of the accumulated combinations from memory?
However, any really talented chess player will beat a beginner in no time, who will reproduce entire scripts, read from books. The fact is that all standard schemes have long been known to the whole world, and therefore are easily predictable. Reproducing even the most ingenious sequences of actions on the board, the player exposes himself to the blow, because the enemy knows all his steps several moves ahead.
A complex combination of mock compositions and original finds - this is where true skill lies. It is not for nothing to beat a real champion is more than an easy task for a computer, which, by definition, is only able to choose the most successful options out of hundreds of thousands of those played once loaded into its memory. chess games.
However, this does not mean that there is no point in playing online if)