Linguistic games for children. Philological games and tasks in linguistics lessons in high school
Linguistic game for students in grades 6-7 “Polyglot” Subject: Russian language, English language. teacher of Russian language and literature MBOU "Zolotukhinskaya secondarycomprehensive school" Municipal Municipality "Akhtubinsky district" of the Astrakhan regionSamsonova Svetlana Vladimirovna.
Explanatory note. This extracurricular activity held as part of the Russian language week, but in collaboration with teachers English language. All tasks are carried out in a game form, which allows you to activate cognitive activity students, provides the opportunity to work in a group.Students in grades 6-7 can participate in the game. Participation in the game motivates students to learn foreign languages and teaches them to be careful with words. Plan of implementation.
- Announcement of the theme of the game, introduction of the participants, familiarization with the rules of the game. Blitz tournament. Meeting famous polyglots. Game "Entertaining linguistics" Game "Translator" Game “Favorite dishes of national cuisine” Game "Do you know English?" Game "Universal human piggy bank of folk wisdom." Summing up the results of the game, rewarding the best players.
Linguistic game "Polyglot" Target: to arouse students’ interest in learning foreign languages, to develop a caring attitude towards the Russian language, to promote the formation of competent speech, and to develop the ability to work in groups.Leading: Dear visitors, you are present today at the opening of the Polyglot cafe.Presenter: Let me introduce you to the program of our event:Firstly, you will get to know the eminent guests of the Polyglot cafe, those who can be called great polyglots.Secondly, we will go on a virtual trip around the country “Linguistics”.Leading: Next, we offer an entertaining game “Translator”, which will end with a delicious competition “Dishes of National Cuisine”.Hospitable England will invite you to visit, with one condition: if you are ready to answer the question positively: Do you speak English? And finally, we will open for you a “universal treasury” of words and expressions.So, the 3 main tables are occupied by our teams. They are participating in the competition for the title “Honorary Polyglot”You can get the initial number of points by answering the questions of the blitz quiz.Blitz quiz. 1. What is linguistics? (science of language) 2. The little birds sat in a row and said little words. (letters)3.What is the name of the oldest Russian chronicle? ("The Tale of Bygone Years") 4. What is wrong with the phrase “world-famous Moscow State University”? (famous university)5. How is iambic different from trochee? (emphasis)6. What word is missing in the sentence “Moscow is the capital of our Motherland”? (There is)7. How do the words “cucumber” and “tomato” differ from a linguistic point of view? (Original Russian and borrowed) 8. Which languages belong to the East Slavic group of languages? (Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian) 9. What is an oxymoron? (combination of incomparable concepts)
10.Who is rightfully called the founder of the modern Russian language? (A.S. Pushkin).
11. Science of language. (Linguistics.)12. The main purpose of the language. (Mean of communication, means of expressing thoughts.)13. Expert in many languages. (Polyglot.)14. Name a country that has four official languages. (Switzerland: German, French, Italian, Romansh.)15. Name the author of the following statement: “Before you is a mass of Russian language! Deep pleasure calls you, the pleasure of plunging into all its immeasurability and grasping its wonderful laws.” (N.V. Gogol.)16. “Interpreter” - who was called that before? (Translator.)17. Which part of the word does the Russian proverb advise to “see” (root)18.What is the name of a word formed from the initial sounds of words or the names of their initial letters? (abbreviation)19. Under what name did Mikhail Lomonosov combine the parts of speech: noun, adjective, numeral? (Name)20.What part of speech did the great Russian poet Pushkin propose to “burn the hearts of people” (verb)21.What are the names of all cases except the nominative? (indirect)22. Can a person’s fate depend on one comma? (Execution cannot be pardoned)23. How do you understand the phrase from N.V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General”? “There is such an amber in the room”? (that smell)24. What is the name of the judge in the comedy “The Inspector General” by N.V. Gogol? (Lyapkin-Tyapkin)Summing up the results of the blitz quiz.Presenter: How many languages are there in the world? Why do we speak different languages? Is it possible for new languages to emerge? Answering these questions is not easy. The biblical story says that once people spoke the same language, but they were so proud that they decided to build a high tower to glorify themselves and become higher than God. And then a confusion of languages occurred, which was called the “Babylonian Pandemonium,” because the people turned into a crowd. in which neither one understood the other, because they began to speak different languages. In order to understand each other, people today have to learn other languages. There are over 6 thousand languages in the world. How many languages can a person learn in his lifetime? Did you know that a person who knows several languages is called a polyglot?According to the academic dictionary of foreign words, POLYGLOT (from the Greek polyglottos - “multilingual”) is a person who speaks many languages. But many—how many? Polyglots themselves believe: in addition to your native one, you need to know at least four languages perfectly: speak them absolutely fluently and preferably without an accent, translate spoken speech and written text as accurately as possible, and write competently and clearly.
Who can we call real polyglots?(Italian Cardinal Mezzofanti, Empress Catherine II, Chairman of the People's Commissar of Education Lunacharsky and many famous people, among them there are also outstanding Russian writers and poets.)
Leading: Learning languages is an extremely interesting activity. You can learn the most interesting facts from the field of linguistics right now. Teams have to learn as much as possible in a short time interesting facts from linguistics. You are given a few minutes to read the materials; your task is to retell the facts that you remember. The team that has the most stories wins, without any distortion. (You cannot repeat stories.) The teams answer in turn. Any person from the team can answer.) The price of each story is 1 point. The most interesting facts from the world of linguistics ( application no. 1)
Presenter: I would like to tell you about who is considered the greatest polyglot. Here's what the Guinness Book of Records says about it:
The most important polyglot is the Brazilian Ziyad Fawzi, who speaks 58 languages. He teaches foreign languages in Sao Paulo.
Leading: I have amazing news for everyone.
Thanks to our “hospitable” Russian language, we, even without suspecting it, know many words from different foreign languages,According to research by scientists, borrowed words in the vocabulary of the modern Russian literary language make up 10% of its total vocabulary. The overwhelming majority of foreign words were borrowed together with a thing, phenomenon, concept, etc. (umbrella from Dutch, brand from German, announcer from Latin, boulevard from French)We invite teams to play the game "Translator" The game conditions are simple. By meaning, we need to restore a word that came into our language from another language. Let's start with French. Then we'll talk in Italian and German, and finally we'll move on to Latin. We'll especially talk in English... We offer words as quickly as possible.
- We speak French.
"kiss", cake
“decoration” for meat or fish
"ace", first-class pilot
fireman, driver
store-bought mushrooms
"circle", competition stage
answers: -meringue -mousse -garnish -ace -driver -champignons -tour
- Let's speak German
"snake" is used for watering
“forehead” side facing the enemy
"ice mountain"
"place of treatment"
"warrior"
- “breathing”, vocal work for one voice
"teacher", major musician
"Mr", popular board game
"death jump"
"bow", fairy tale hero
answers:-aria -maestro -domino -somersault -cipollino Let's talk in Latin:
- We shout “twice” in the theater
"ball", school manual
"elsewhere", legal term
"light", hotel room
"folder for carrying papers"
answers:
Encore - globe - alibi - luxury - briefcase
English wordsL (insects)
Mosquito mosquitoLadybug ladybugGrasshopper grasshopperFly flyDragonfly dragonflyButterfly butterflyAnt antBee bee
Presenter: The famous thinker Voltaire wrote: “To know many languages means to have many keys to one lock.”Now, as experts in several languages, you have to act as experts and name from which language these words are borrowed.
bouillon Gallicisms
blinds
football Anglicisms basketballsportsaccountant Greekisms tie
school
gymnasium
Presenter: It is known that nothing brings people together like a common table at which our teams find themselves. On the table are dishes of different nations, or rather their descriptions. Guess the names of the dishes.
№1 choux pastry with cream inside (French)
№2 sweet dish of whipped fruit, berry, milk mass (Franz)
№3 salted chopped greens (French)
№4 porridge casserole with fruit.(English) №5 meat cooked on a spit (Turkish) №6 pasta with tomato sauce and vegetables (Italian) №7 fried beef, cut into large pieces №8 holiday bread (Slavic) № 9 flour sweet product “honeycomb” (German) №10 product with meat filling “bread ear” (Finno-Ugric) Answers: No. 1 meringue, No. 2 mousse, No. 3 salad, No. 4 pudding, No. 5 kebab, No. 6 pasta, No. 7 steak, No. 8 pie, No. 9 waffles, No. 10 dumplings. Leading: Hospitable England awaits lovers of the English language. Younger children will compete in finding rhymes for poems; you can only substitute english words, older kids will compete in translating English proverbs. English proverbs.
It is never too late to learn.
All is well that ends well. Promise little, do much. As the tree, so the fruit. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. So many men, so many minds. Love me, love my dog. Better late than never. As you make your bed, so you must lie on it. Action speak louder than words. Like teacher, like pupil. To work with the left hand. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. Good clothes open all doors.Presenter: Rhyme game.| Part
Why is my best friend,
- I bought a piece of fabric,
- I learned the secrets of a friend,
- The white knight disappeared from the board,
- Katya's birthday
- My little brother
- Don't oversleep so you can go to class
- Thunder sounds like an alarm bell,
- From problems and school troubles
- It smells delicious: onions are being fried,
- In the palace of white ice floes
- He writes a lot, you read.
- There's sand in my shoes again,
- We all need it for lunch
- It's not hard to wash it
- Vanya’s throat doesn’t hurt anymore,
- So that all the locks open,
- Hunters weapons: bow, spear, harbun,
- You will please mom very much
- Brother's old dream
- Day and night my neighbor
|| Part. Prompt the word.
- At seven o'clock
- I don't like to eat porridge,
- I have a mouth and I can talk.
- Birds start to sing,
- Snow is falling all around.
- I can tell you all the day
Summing up the results of the competition on knowledge of English words.Presenter: The time has come to open our “universal piggy bank” of folk wisdom. Can you guess what stable phrases are hidden in the pictures? Of course it is famous phrases: “pull the tail,” “look like a ram at a new gate,” “crocodile tears,” “wet chicken.” Our last task for the teams is for them to select analogues of Russian phraseological units for foreign language expressions Tasks for teams: -birds of the same plumage stick together-for each there will come its time-not worth gunpowder and shot-black sheep in the family-when the sea returns all those who died in it-get caught in the rain under a drainpipe-live like a fattening rooster- in a good garden there are rotten vegetables- like a fly to a dog - wheel the butterfly
Answers: -berries of a feather-every dog has his day- the game is not worth the candle-white crow -when the cancer on the mountain whistles-get from the ship to the ball- roll around like cheese in butter-accidents will happen in the best regulated families-like a dog's fifth leg--shoot a cannon at sparrows In English, as in other languages, there are stable phrases (idioms)Task: find a pair.
- To take oneself in hand - throw words to the wind (pull yourself together) To head is round and round - pull yourself together ( head idea around) To take the floor - the head is spinning (get it from under the ground) One hair stand on end - go down in history (hang by a thread) To talk to the wind - get it out from under the ground (throw words to the wind) To go down in history - live like a cat and a dog (go down in history) To lead a cat and dog life - hang by a thread (live like a cat and dog)
Literature used. Internet resources: 1. ru.wikipedia.org 2. facte.ru.zabavnoe-yazykoznanie.html.
- Phraseological dictionary of the Russian language. Compiled by Stepanova M.I. LLC "Polygrafuslugi" St. Petersburg. 2006. Dictionary of foreign words. 14th edition, revised. Moscow “Russian language” 1987.
Appendix No. 1
The most interesting facts from the world of linguistics
1. The most meaningful word on Earth is considered to be “mamihlapinatana”, which means “to look at each other in the hope that someone will agree to do something that both parties want, but do not want to do.”
2. There are 28 letters in Arabic, which are written differently at the end of a word than in the middle. .
3. Those whom we call “new Russians” in Cuba are called “masetos”.
4. In the Explanatory Dictionary of 1940, edited by Ushakov, there is the following definition of the word “Figli-migli” (!): “... used to denote some tricks, jokes or some approaches to achieve something, accompanied by pleasantries , antics, tricks, winks."
5. "Hermitage" translated from French means "place of solitude."
6. There are only 12 letters in the Hawaiian alphabet.
8. Karamzin came up with the word “industry,” Saltykov-Shchedrin came up with the word “softness,” and Dostoevsky came up with the word “to shy away.”
9. There are more than 1000 different languages on the African continent.
10. Almost is the longest word in the English language, in which all the letters are arranged in alphabetical order.
11. The words of Persian origin “pajamas” and “suitcase” have the same root (“pi-joma”, “joma-dan”).
12. The word “mediocrity” was introduced into the Russian language by the poet Igor Severyanin.
13. In Ancient Egypt, apricot was called the “sun egg”.
14. In Filipino, "hello" would sound like "mabuhay".
15. “Fujiyama” means “steep mountain” in Japanese.
16. Until the 14th century in Rus', all indecent words were called “absurd verbs.”
17. There are no words in English that rhyme with month, orange, silver and purple.
18. The words “cheerfulness” and “tea” are denoted by the same characters in Chinese.
19. In Georgian kebab is called “mtsvadi”, and in Armenian it is called “khorovts”.
20. The junior clergy - novice, in Georgian is called... mtsyri.
21. There is a grammatical rule according to which native Russian words do not begin with the letter “a” (!).
22. The artificial international language Esperanto was created in 1887 by the Warsaw doctor L. Zamenhof.
23. Dahl proposed replacing the foreign word “atmosphere” with the Russian “kolozemitsa” or “mirokolitsa”.
24. In Chinese writing, the word “difficulty” is represented by a hieroglyph that depicts two women under one roof.
25. The nickname of Alexander the Great’s horse “Bucephalus” literally means “bull-headed”.
26. The oldest word in the English language is "town".
27. In Chinese, the sounds “r” and “l” are not distinguished.
28. “Sahara” means “desert” in Arabic.
29. In Ukraine, the Milky Way is called Chumatsky Way.
30. The Viking alphabet was called Futhark.
31. There are more than 600,000 words in the English language.
32. Mickey Mouse's Latin name is Mikael Musculus.
33. The words “for future use”, “all-in” and “full face” are adverbs.
34. There is no Latin letter W in the Latin alphabet.
35. Chinese writing has more than 40,000 characters.
36. Writer Ernest Vincent Wright has a novel called Gadsby, which is over 50,000 words long. There is not a single letter E (the most common letter in the English language) in the entire novel. .
37. The United Nations has only six official languages: English, French, Arabic, Chinese, Russian and Spanish.
While playing, a child learns about the world. Play accompanies every stage of a child’s development. The older the baby gets, the more complex the games he plays. Play is not just entertainment, it is the creative, inspired work of a child, it is his life. There are many popular world methods early development built primarily on the game. That is, not according to the rules of the adult world, but according to rules that are understandable and pleasant for a child. It is no secret that it is interest that motivates a child to new discoveries. And it is important to first ignite this interest, and then “frame” it into science for the child. Ability to speak native language and foreign language It is also easier for a child if he learns it in a playful way.
What are linguistic games
The very name “linguistic game” already reveals the meaning of this phrase. This is a language game, fun associated with learning a language and enriching speech, with the development of logical thinking and entertainment, where the main character is linguistics, that is, linguistics.
At each stage of a child’s development, linguistic games contribute to the development of various aspects of the child’s speech activity. While playing, the baby accumulates knowledge, develops thinking and imagination, masters his native language, and, of course, learns to communicate.
Speech, in all its diversity, is necessary component communication, during which it is, in fact, formed. The most important prerequisite for improving the speech activity of children preschool age is to create an emotionally favorable environment that promotes the desire to actively participate in verbal communication. And it is the game that helps create situations in which even the most uncommunicative and constrained children enter into verbal communication and open up.
What are linguistic games?
Conventionally, linguistic games can be divided into two groups: communicative (speech development) and linguistic (broadening one’s horizons and the ability to use vocabulary).
Communication games include:
- Guessing Games
- Matching
- Search engines
- Correspondence
- Collection of information
- Combined
Language games include:
- Games aimed at studying the behavior of a native speaker, culture, behavior
- Getting to know cultural products
- Disclosure of cultural values of different peoples
The benefits of linguistic games
Thanks to linguistic games, the child develops a culture of speech and communication:
- intonation-dynamic expressiveness of speech is formed,
- temporhythmics and clarity of pronunciation of each word are formed;
- the correctness of stress in a word, literacy, clarity and the ability to correctly formulate one’s thoughts are formed in order to be understood by others;
- develop dialogic and monologue speech;
- vocabulary is enriched;
- the prerequisites for written speech are formed;
- the child’s speech activity as a whole is stimulated.
Important! The emotional component, as with any gameplay, plays one of the main roles here. Using linguistic games as a means of organizing communication and joint activities child and adult, it is necessary to carefully monitor the child’s mood, identify and take into account his speech capabilities. Where a child cannot find a suitable word, it is allowed to combine verbal and non-verbal means of communication - gestures, facial expressions, plastic movements.
Common types of linguistic games
- Remember the word
The goal of this game is to remember words that have a common meaning. A ball can help us play “Remember the Word.” The presenter/teacher asks to name five (breeds of cats, swimming animals, professions, trees, square objects, red fruits, musical instruments, etc.), after which he throws the ball. The kid must quickly name the words that fit the meaning, each time slamming the ball on the floor. If he can't remember, then he's lost.
It is even more interesting to play this game with several participants - other children or, if there are no other children nearby, with grandparents, because competition always makes the game more exciting.
- Word combinations with meaning
It's more difficult game than “Remember the Word,” but that makes it even more interesting. The presenter/teacher names different phrases, for example, the car is driving, the rain is dripping, the whale is swimming, the kettle is boiling, and so on. If the meaning of the phrase is correct, then the children raise their hands; if not, they must point out the mistake. During the game you need to use several incorrect phrases, for example, the cat barks, or the purple melon, the wolf chews grass, or the plane floats.
All sorts of confusion in games are useful, they force the child to be attentive, especially since it always amuses the child.
- Chain of words
By selecting nouns and adjectives that characterize someone or something with similar characteristics, we enrich the child’s vocabulary. How exactly? The child’s task is to string “beads” from words that are connected to each other.
For example, take the word “scarf”.
– What kind of scarf is it?
- Warm, blue, with buboes, prickly...
-What else is prickly?
- Needle, Christmas tree, hedgehog...
-Where is the Christmas tree?
- In the forest, in the yard, in the country, at home New Year…
- Who lives in the forest?
- Animals, insects, trees...
– What animals change their coats for winter?
- Interview
In the game, the child becomes a specialist in a certain profession or a star, and the presenter becomes an interviewer. The kid can choose the role of a travel lover, a music expert, a fan of painting, an animator, and so on. The choice of the role of who will be interviewed can be carried out according to the individual desire of the child, or you can give the baby a choice from several options (in case it will be difficult for the player to decide right away). The presenter/teacher must get to know his interlocutor as best as possible, so he asks the child to answer each question in detail, in detail. For example, finding out the musical tastes of his interlocutor, the presenter asks questions related to serious and light music: opera, symphony, chamber music; rock, pop music, jazz, pop music, etc. Each answer to a question is evaluated in terms of its logical meaning, its consistency, focus on the required amount of response information, and grammatical correctness. The answer to the questions should include epithets. For each epithet the participant receives one point.
A million linguistic games have been invented, and even more can be invented. The main thing in this case is not to fetter your imagination and use every opportunity to teach your child something new in a non-standard playful way.
To activate speech development For children, speech development classes at Geronimo use exercises and games that are aimed at solving various speech problems. The main tasks are to develop the sound culture of speech, form the grammatical structure of speech, enrich the vocabulary, and develop coherent speech. These tasks are solved at each age stage, but from age to age there is a gradual complication of methods and techniques for teaching a language (native and foreign). All tasks are closely related to each other, and the proposed games and exercises develop children's attention to words.
When conducting any game, we are guided by the golden rule of organizing children's activities, including play: the child should be interested and comfortable.
We are waiting for you at classes at the Geronimo Children's Development Center on weekdays from 9:00 to 20:00 and on Saturdays from 10:00 to 15:00.
Geronimo. Join us for knowledge!
Mastery of words as a tool of communication is an invaluable skill, and it is laid and developed from childhood. The more words a child has in his vocabulary, the easier it is for him to establish contact with people, to become familiar with the spiritual values of humanity through books, to receive information and to explore the world.
Games with words are interesting and useful because they activate vocabulary, replenish it, discover new sides of seemingly familiar combinations of letters and sounds, and teach observation skills. Such tasks can be used in lesson mode (both for intellectual exercise and methodically connecting with the material being studied). For example, at the beginning of the lesson the game “Auction of Synonyms” is played. Words are written on the board: army, limitless, shine, fight, fight, fear, storm, fast, object, hot, cruel, news, interesting, beautiful, scream, small, ugly, misfortune, bad, durable, talk, brave, disturb , smart, tired.
The circle members are divided into two teams and choose a captain. The presenter names the words and gives a word to each of the teams in turn (slowly counting to ten). During this time, the team must have time to find a synonym for the named word; then the right to answer passes to the other team, which also names a synonym for the word. And so work on the word continues until one of the teams names the last synonym for the word.
For each correctly named synonym, the team receives one point. If the named word is not a synonym for the given word, then the answer to the command is not counted. And if, within the allotted time, the team did not manage to correctly name the synonym, then it receives a penalty point. Then the results of the game are summed up: the total number of points received by each team is calculated.
To deepen the concept of antonyms, to show their stylistic role in speech - this is the goal of the lesson.
Students are offered the game “Look, don’t make a mistake!” The game develops attention and teaches you to quickly select antonyms for words. In addition, during the game, schoolchildren become convinced that not all words have antonymous pairs. The participants of the game are divided into two teams and sit in a semicircle. The presenter names words that have antonyms and words that do not. In the first case, students raise their hands, the leader asks one of the students, and he gives the antonym for this word. If the answer is given correctly, the team gets a point. Team members answer in turns. If the word does not have an antonym, you should not raise your hands. If any team member raises their hand, the team is penalized (one point is deducted).
Words for the game:
Big (small), a lot (little), glass, high (low), camel, floor, cheerful (sad), house, good (bad), clock, tea, end (beginning), light (dark), chalk, me , long (short), you, deep (shallow), he, this, left (right), head, first (last), we, upper (lower), sharp (dull), you, iron, two, white (black ), tenth, wet (dry), who, sweet (bitter), hundred, tram, stingy (generous), trolleybus, Igor, brave (cowardly), Volga, smart (stupid), which, clean (dirty), he, golden, hand, dear (cheap), mountain, laugh (cry), rejoice (sad), plane, say hello (goodbye), raise (lower), east, water, heat (cool), apple, eyes, labor (idleness) , song, truth (lie), peace (war), freedom (slavery), noise (silence), iron, black (white), blue, ice, friend (foe), right (wrong), humane (inhumane).
The lesson can begin with checking the “linguistic health” of schoolchildren. Students are given the task of creating phrases like “adjective + noun” with the following words: mouse, tulle, roofing felt, shampoo, callus, path, flannel, overcoat, piano, potato, surname, queue, shoe, vestibule.
With the help of this task, students’ skills in using nouns correctly in speech are improved. different kinds. Then students are asked to place stress in the following words: agent, alphabet, watermelon, nap, anger, nettle, hyphen, document, quarter, belt, combiner, rubber, whooping cough, store, hatred, parterre, call, paralysis, belt, silo, convocation , symmetry, case, carpenter, freak, decoration, porcelain, cement, gypsy, sorrel.
In order to activate the vocabulary of schoolchildren, a vocabulary dictation - a crossword puzzle - can be conducted.
1. Completion, the end of something (final). 2. Drawing of winnings in a loan or lottery (draw). 3. Memento (souvenir), etc.
At the final stage, the “Spelling Lotto” game can be played in order to repeat some of the spelling rules for nouns.
The essence of the game is as follows. Letters are written on the cards to indicate certain spellings. The teacher or one of the students says out loud phrases or short sentences that contain the corresponding spelling. Students find the letters on the cards that represent these spellings and cover them with counters (round or rectangular pieces of cardboard). When all the cells of the table are covered with chips, students raise their hands. This means the game is over.
Game “Who knows the cases better?” Students sit in a semicircle, each chooses a case and pins the corresponding letter on their chest: I, R, D, V, T, P. The leader slowly reads sentences or a connected text, and the participants in the game, having heard the word in the case they need, stand up and explain, how they determined the case. If the answer is correct, the answerer gets a point; if the answer is incorrect, the point is deducted. The student is also fined for not standing up while the word in the required case has already been spoken. A student who scores three penalty points is eliminated from the game. The one who scores the most points wins.
Quests
Task 1. The third wheel.
From a group of words, cross out one that is not related to the other two.
Water, driver, flood.
Drawing, rice, sketch.
Highlander, mountainous, mountainous.
Stretcher, big nose, tray.
Mountain, burn, tanned.
Table, table, century.
Answers. Driver, rice, grief, big-nosed, mountain, century.
Task 2. Tables.
The free cells of the rectangle must be filled with letters so that in each horizontal row you get a common noun in the singular, nominative case.
TO |
ABOUT | R | |||
| TO | ABOUT | R | |||
| TO | ABOUT | R | |||
| TO | ABOUT | R | |||
| TO | ABOUT | R |
| WITH | E | A | ||
| WITH | E | A | ||
| WITH | E | A | ||
| WITH | E | A | ||
| WITH | E | A |
Answers. 1) Trough, cornet, king, cinnamon, crown...; 2) candle, change, stage, tear...
Task 3. Do you want a prize?
Remember the words in which the word prize is “built in”. For example, whim.
Answers. Gratitude, sign, illusoryness, sign, capricious...
Task 4. Anagrams.
Anagrams are words that differ from each other only in the order of the letters they contain, for example, bush - knock.
Make chains of two to four anagram words:
Clown, mole, pressure, paradox, spaniel.
Answers. Clown - slope - cleaver - pendant; mole - court...
Task 5. Metagrams.
Metagrams are words created by replacing one letter with another.
Complete a chain of transformations, changing only one letter with each move. All intermediate words must be meaningful, for example: Mom - Lama - lapa - Papa.
Wolf...goat; hour...year;
dough...bun; fly...elephant;
moment...hour...year...century...era.
Task 6. Pseudo-anagrams.
Recover words in which the letters are rearranged.
NEAP NOKUS FRAZHI
NAUL SEL'R TRANOK
LAGF LOJEK BURAZD
LIOSH MANES DROVOP
RCAO LUTER REGOTSU
Answers. Foam, moon, flag, awl, bark...
Task 7. Palindromes.
Make up words and phrases that read the same from left to right and from right to left.
Possible answers: pop, cook, grandfather, hut, Argentina beckons a black man, I eat a snake, he eats hay, we know even the hedgehog has NZ at home, I’ll be at the oak tree, I’ll wait a year, there’s milk around Misha, Olesya is having fun, but the belt is no measure, look taxi, right there...
Task 8. Magic square.
Arrange the letters in the free cells of the square so that the same words are written in columns and rows with the same numbers.
Answers. 1) Hand, pattern, bark, Arab; 2) peat, donkey, turnip, flag.
Task 9. Test.
Insert a word that would serve as the end of the first word and the beginning of the second. For example, custom.
me()lad; y()ova;
fornik(); hor()lad;
zhel()syn; na()nya;
there(); za()ets;
you()at; svir()nik;
dra()ura; kar()na;
kish()ey; by()atka;
kar()emets; am()ak;
you()amida; go()cat;
vos()ar; vok()ar;
wok()hedgehog; forge();
by() outflow; cab()eye.
Answers.
Me(shock)olad; u(goal)ova;
for(el)nik; gore(shock)olad;
Zhel(tok)syn; on (relatives);
There(bur)ka; for (fight)ets;
Vam(pyr)amide; go(boy)cat;
Vos(tok)ar; wok (hall) eat;
Kow(boy)nya; by(mol)outflow;
Cab(bow)eye; you(pir)at;
Svir(el)nik; dra(kon)ura;
Kar(ton)na; quiche(lac)ey;
Po(horn)atka; card (ace) German;
Am(barrack).
Task 11. Find the word.
Solve the following problems using the example key.
Separate the fruit from the plant: SOSHISNSHAKA.
Solution: by crossing out the letters of the word cone, we get a pine plant. Other problems are solved in the same way.
1) Remove your clothes and find a coin. DSARRAAHFMANA.
2) What kind of relatives are there? LET'S WEAVE TUNNNRIAC.
3) Where was the little boy kicked out from? SHNEKOZNLAYKA.
4) Find numbers that are multiples of two. CHEVTOSYERMYE.
5) Name the day of the week and month. ASRVGEDUAST.
6) What grades does the careless student have? DLOVDYOYRKYI.
7) Who is knocking on my door? ADDITIONAL
8) Find out the flower in the armful. BFLUKOECTS.
9) Who ate all the cheese? SEMYRSHAKYA.
Answers. 1) Drachma - sundress; 2) sister - nephew; 3) school - dunno; 4) four - eight; 5) August - Wednesday; 6) twos - a quitter; 7) kind postman; 8) bouquet - phlox; 9) gray mouse.
Literature:
B.T. Panov. "Extracurricular activities in the Russian language."
Application of various game forms tasks in training are relevant for audiences of any age.
Using modern linguistic games in Russian language and speech culture classes “ Drummer”, “Nerundopel” and “Spelling” allows not only to present the most important topic educational course in a fun way, but also to attract students’ attention to their native language and the linguistic field of knowledge in general.
Ways to use these linguistic games in educational process are different: with their help, independent and test work was carried out in the course “Russian language and culture of speech”, and they also became a didactic basis for practical classes.
General rules for organizing the game
This way of playing will allow you to find out whether the majority is right.
Individual answers: The participant answers the question individually.
This method of playing will allow you to monitor the individual successes of students and reward those who have especially distinguished themselves.
Working with the game of rare words “Nonsense”.
Game “Nonsense”Description
This linguistic game is a set of one hundred and twenty cards, packed in a compact box.
The linguistic material for it was various rarely used lexical units. Among them are terms and foreign words (exoticisms are most common).
For example, for the lexeme “pozzolan” the following interpretations are given: “a small confectionery product with jam”, “a mixture of volcanic ash, pumice, tuff” and “broad-nosed monkey”. The second meaning is correct.
One of the cards also explains the name of the linguistic game itself. Students consider this lexeme to be occasional, but it has a general linguistic meaning: “salad of caviar, fish and vegetables.”
This game also has place for a linguistic joke: On one of the cards, the authors placed the word “impediment” and offered three interpretations for it: “obstacle in the competition,” “interference on the rally route,” and “thoughts, insoluble doubts.” On the back we read: “Sorry, but there is no such word yet.”
For studying the topic “Means of speech expression” within the framework of the training course “Russian language and culture of speech” the linguistic term is relevant "synecdoche" given in this game. The horizons of students are expanded by the literary term "sphragida"(mention of the name of the poet himself in the poem).
Game “Professor and Student”
The dramatization game is of great interest to the cadets "Professor and Student", the didactic material for which is the cards from “Yerundopel”.
One of the students, according to the rules, proposes a task, the other must find the correct answer. The one who plays the role of "professor" is allowed to mislead his opponent. The “student’s” task is to determine the correct interpretation of the lexeme and argue his opinion.
In this way, both the skill of language guessing and general speech skills are developed.
With active involvement in play activity emotional unloading of students occurs.
Use as a warm-up
The linguistic game “Nerundopel” can help stimulate the mental activity of listeners.
At the initial stage of a number of classes in the “Russian language and culture of speech” course, it is convenient to use such tasks as linguistic warm-up.
Having chosen the interpretation of two or three rare words, immersed in the “linguistic material”, students tune in to perceive the theoretical foundations of the course and perform practical tasks.
Working with the linguistic game “Udarnik”
Game “Drummer” Description and Application
This linguistic game is a set of one hundred twenty cards, each of which contains a word that is difficult from an orthoepic point of view with three versions of stress placement. On the back of each card there is a variant corresponding to the modern language norm.
The set of cards "Drummer" is used as didactic material when working on topic “Language norm” and is relevant for studying accentological norms of the Russian language.
The teacher offers each student from one to three cards (depending on the size of the group and the time allotted for work), then the participants take turns working on the tasks. Their activity consists of choosing the correct spelling option, followed by discussion and collective voting. Since the orthoepic norms of the Russian language are very complex and varied, it is likely that a number of incorrect variants of stress and pronunciation of words will be heard in the audience.
To avoid the formation of negative language habits, the teacher should focus students’ attention on the correct options, facilitating their memorization (for example, you can use analogies: Great Danes O r s – ugh O r s ).
Evaluation of listeners' actions
It is important to note that the task of such games is precisely the active assimilation large quantities words that are complex from an orthoepic point of view, and the goal is to increase the orthoepic literacy of students.
The indicator of their result cannot be a mark from “2” to “5”, so it makes no sense to evaluate the work at the training in this way. Objective in this case will be monitoring the assimilation of orthoepic norms several weeks after the lesson.
For example, it can be carried out by asking students to read a text rich in spelling complex words.
Working with the linguistic game “Spelling”
Spelling game Description
The purpose of this linguistic game– develop and check spelling literacy. Each of one hundred and twenty game cards contains three spelling options for a spelling difficult word. Among them are such frequently used but difficult to write lexemes as “abbreviation”, “grapefruit”, “dishes”, etc.
The use of the Spelling game in the classroom is quite wide:
- its material serves as the basis for oral spelling warm-ups,
- it is possible to use cards for writing independent works,
- as exercises for correction and development of spelling skills.
The game form allows you to diversify the activities of students and motivate them to study the spelling norms of the Russian language.
A significant drawback of the linguistic game “Spelling” is the organization of tasks in which the player (student) is forced to see two incorrect spellings of a language unit. In this case, erroneous versions may be memorized, which will subsequently lead to difficulties in writing these words.
The material of linguistic games is relevant both for studying specific topics and for developing a general interest in the native language. All games are compactly packaged, which allows them to be used in any environment.
Class: 6
Goals:
- Educational: development of cognitive interest in the Russian language among schoolchildren; development and improvement of the psychological qualities of schoolchildren: curiosity, initiative, hard work, will, perseverance, independence in acquiring knowledge.
- Educational: expansion and deepening of students’ knowledge and formation of linguistic competence; identification and support of linguistically gifted students.
- Educational: nurturing the need to learn Russian; nurturing a communicative culture among schoolchildren.
Equipment: multimedia installation.
1. Organizational moment(Appendix 1 . Slide No. 1)
Dear students and teachers! This week at school is held under the slogan “Russian Language and Literature Week,” so we have gathered here with you. Today we learn that the Russian language is not only a boring and difficult subject, but also very interesting and educational.
The goal of our game is to test your knowledge and choose the strongest.
Team presentation.
3 teams of 6th grades take part in the game.
I invite the teams to introduce themselves: team name, captain, short performance (sketch, poem, song, etc.)
Jury presentation.
Conditions of the game.
The game is played in 3 rounds. Round 1 is called “Sections of the Russian Language”, Round 2 is called “Captain Competition”, Round 3 is called “Fun Grammar”.
Each round has its own tasks, its own points.
Teams answer in order of turn, but if the answering team is at a loss, then the turn goes to the team that knows the answer.
We especially stipulate the behavior of the teams: respect for each other. The jury takes this into account.
Let's begin! I wish you success!
2. 1st round “Sections of the Russian language”(Slide No. 2)
In front of you is a playing field with topics and points. (Slide No. 3) The team chooses the topic and price of the issue. Do not forget that as the price of the issue increases, the complexity of the task also increases.
Each team is given the right to choose 4 times.
Phonetics(Slides No. 4-8)
10 Place the letters and read the names of 5 animals:
LEZOK KUTA DASHOL OVARKO TSURIKA (goat, duck, horse, cow, chicken)
20 Place emphasis :
Alphabet treaty rings more beautiful beet cakes
(Alfav And td O gov O r ringing And t red And vee ste cla t O mouths)
30 Replace the following phrases with one word with a double consonant:
- Workmate (colleague)
- Popular game on the ice (hockey)
- Sports running (cross)
- Newspaper, magazine employee (correspondent)
- Drawings in a book, magazine (illustrations)
40 Rebus “Lesson Schedule”
(history, mathematics, Russian language, geography, drawing, physical education)
50 Name a word where the number of sounds = the number of letters (Moscow, house)
Vocabulary(Slides No. 9-13)
10 Define: Vocabulary. Synonyms. Antonyms.
20 Choose antonyms:
Wide (narrow)
Solid (soft)
Old (new)
Boring (funny)
Sloppy (careful)
30 Please indicate the correct interpretation of the word Battle:
1. Fatherly
2. Commander
3.Military
4. Dressy
40 Determine the word according to its lexical meaning:
1) A flattering remark addressed to someone, praise (complement)
2) Unexpected gift (surprise)
3) A complete set of tableware or teaware (service)
50 Changeling antonyms:
Mouse in sandals (Puss in Boots)
King Laughter (Princess Nesmeyana)
Doghouse (cat house)
Peasant woman on a pumpkin (princess and the pea)
Phraseology(Slides No. 14-18)
10 Define: phraseological unit, phraseology.
20 Give an explanation of phraseological units:
Nodding off (sleep, doze)
Put a spoke in wheel (interfere)
30 Name phraseological units with the meaning: “idle” (Sit back, pretend to be a quitter, kick your ass, count crows)
40 Find a pair
50 Using facial expressions and gestures, show phraseological units.
Morphemics(Slides No. 19-23)
10 Define: Morphemics. Word formation.
20 Sort out the words according to their composition: snow, winter, sculpt
30 Restore the word-formation chain:
Dry – … – aridity (drought)
Sky - ... - heavenly (heaven)
40 Who's the odd one out:
Water, driver, flood
Drawing, rice, sketch
Highlander, grief, mountainous
50 Come up with a word
– with the prefix tre (ringing)
– with the suffix com (on foot)
Morphology(Slides No. 24-28)
10 List all independent parts of speech (noun, adj., verb, pronoun, numeral, adverb)
20 Determine the part of speech: Because of Lapishch If (preposition, noun, conjunction)
30 Name words of different parts of speech, but with common root: blue ringing (blue, blue, call, call)
40 From the word “gate” you get 2 nouns (thief, mouth)
50 Determine the part of speech based on morphological characteristics:
1) 2 folds, units, zero ending (n)
2) -th ending (adj)
3) present time, 3 sheets, units. (verb)
Syntax(Slides No. 29-33)
10 Define: Syntax. Punctuation.
20 Give a full description of the sentence: The Russian language is rich and powerful! (Rev., exclamation, simple, extended, complicated one story)
30 Name the type of sentence: 1) – =, and – = 2) – =, (when – =) (SSP, SPP)
40 How many punctuation marks do you need to put: In winter, all the rivers of the lake are covered with a thick layer of ice and snow. (one comma)
50 Make up a sentence on the topic “Winter”: Non-union, one part of which is complicated by homogeneous subjects.
So, round 1 is over. Dear jury, sum up.
The jury's word.
3. 2nd round “CAPTAINS Competition”.(Slide No. 34)
Everyone knows that the captain's competition is a competition of experts. Questions can be not only about the subject; they test the student’s horizons.
Conditions: each captain is given a certain time and a series of questions. He needs to answer questions quickly; if he finds it difficult, you can say the next one so as not to waste time. Each answer is worth 10 points.
Questions 1 to the captain.
1. Lowest academic grade. Unit.
2. Multi-colored paper circles, which are showered on each other at balls and masquerades. Confetti.
3. A book for the teacher, reflecting the results of each student’s educational activities. Magazine.
4. A product made from flammable compounds that gives colored fire effects during the holidays. Fireworks.
5. Sometimes it is drum, sometimes it is decimal. Fraction.
6. Sometimes there is a Great One, sometimes there is a Warrior. Fast.
7. What key cannot open the lock? A source key, a musical sign.
8. What line can no scientist read? A stitch sewn on a machine.
9. What hundred letters can stop traffic. Stop.
10. Blank sheets in the cover. Notebook.
Questions 2 for the captain.
1. A sound signal that notifies the beginning and end of lessons. Call.
2. A schedule containing information about the time, place and sequence of lessons. Schedule.
3. A set of letters accepted in a given script, arranged in the established order. ABC.
4. Bright lighting of streets and buildings on the occasion of the holiday. Illuminations.
5. Sometimes it’s cardboard, sometimes it’s dramatic. Circle.
6. Sometimes it’s a lottery one, sometimes it’s a ten-thousandth one. Circulation.
7. In what cage should you not keep birds and animals? In a notebook.
8. What word consists of seven identical letters? Family
9. Science about dogs. Cynology.
10. Science that studies the past of human society using monuments of material culture. Archeology.
Questions 3 for the captain.
1. Soft white limestone used for chalkboard writing. Chalk.
2. Rotating model of the globe with its geographical representation. Globe.
3. Card with questions for the exam. Ticket.
4. Sauce made from vegetable oil, egg yolk and various seasonings. Mayonnaise.
5. Sometimes it’s light brown, sometimes it’s sharp. Scythe.
6. Sometimes it’s postal, sometimes it’s German. Brand.
7. What type of work of art is denoted by a human name? Novel.
8. What comb can you use to comb your head? Petushin.
9. Without which musical note you can’t cook dinner. Salt.
10. An appeal aimed at obtaining any information that requires a response. Question.
The jury's word.
4. 3rd round “Fun Grammar”.(Slide No. 35)
Teams are offered questions of increased complexity. The team with the most points has the advantage of selection. (Slides No. 36-40)
Each team has the right to choose a question.
40 Guess the riddle: We went on a hike along the silver road. Let's stop for a rest, and she goes on her way. (River)
60 Interesting question: What was “TOMORROW” and what will be “YESTERDAY”? (Today)
80 Read the statement:
K Y G A I
S I O N B
Z H M E Y
I U SH T L
(Love our mighty language!)
100 Burime: write a poem based on this rhyme
RAYS - STREEKS,
SNOW - MEADOWS.(Driven by the spring rays
There is already snow from the surrounding mountains
Escaped through muddy streams
To the flooded meadows)
5. Summing up
The game has come to an end. You have proven yourself to be good experts in the Russian language.
It remains to find out who the winner is and which of the teams takes 2nd and 3rd places.
The jury's word.(Slide No. 41).
Presentation of diplomas. Photo for memory.